In comparing Adler and Freud, Adler emphasizes teleology while Freud emphasizes development in early life.

In comparing Adler and Freud, Adler emphasizes teleology while Freud emphasizes development in early life.

• A. Adler: teleology; Freud: early childhood
• B. Adler: psychoanalysis; Freud: behaviorism
• C. Adler: ego psychology; Freud: libido
• D. Adler: humanism; Freud: psychosexual

Answer: (A)

Difference in how Adler and Freud explain motivation: Adler views behavior as goal-directed and oriented toward future aims (teleology), while Freud emphasizes the shaping power of early childhood experiences through psychosexual development. Adler argues people strive toward superiority and socially valued goals, guided by anticipated outcomes rather than just past events. Freud contends personality is largely formed in early life, with unconscious drives and conflicts developing during psychosexual stages. This pairing best fits the idea because it directly ties Adler to teleology and Freud to development in early life. The other options mix labels that don’t capture the core contrast: Adler as psychoanalysis and Freud as behaviorism misstate their positions, Freud’s focus on libido doesn’t fully reflect the broader early-life development emphasis, and labeling Adler as ego psychology or humanism mischaracterizes his approach.

Difference in how Adler and Freud explain motivation: Adler views behavior as goal-directed and oriented toward future aims (teleology), while Freud emphasizes the shaping power of early childhood experiences through psychosexual development. Adler argues people strive toward superiority and socially valued goals, guided by anticipated outcomes rather than just past events. Freud contends personality is largely formed in early life, with unconscious drives and conflicts developing during psychosexual stages. This pairing best fits the idea because it directly ties Adler to teleology and Freud to development in early life.

The other options mix labels that don’t capture the core contrast: Adler as psychoanalysis and Freud as behaviorism misstate their positions, Freud’s focus on libido doesn’t fully reflect the broader early-life development emphasis, and labeling Adler as ego psychology or humanism mischaracterizes his approach.